Seminars: Entre les murs, hors les murs. Revisiter l’histoire des institutions disciplinaires

Programme seminaire GRID 2017-2018

Femmes indigentes faisant la queue pour être admises à l’asile George-Sand, 1-3, rue Stendhal. Paris (XXème arr.), vers 1900. 
© Neurdein / Roger-Viollet. 

 

The seminar series ‘Entre les murs, hors les murs. Revisiter l’histoire des institutions disciplinaires‘ could be of interest to H-Madness readers. They are organised by the GRID (Groupe de recherche sur les institutions disciplinaires)  and takes place one Wednesday per month. The abstract, programme and further practical details you can find below.

Abstract:

 

 

Depuis cinquante ans, la focale institutionnelle constitue une entrée essentielle pour les historiens du social et de l’État. Ainsi les spécialistes de la pénalité, de la médecine, de l’éducation, de l’armée, de l’assistance ont-ils posé les grands jalons d’une histoire de la prise en charge des individus à l’époque contemporaine, de la naissance à la mort. Cette histoire riche et inventive reste cependant tributaire des lignes de partage fondées sur la finalité de chaque espace institutionnel. Les murs des institutions, en délimitant des fonds d’archives, ont aussi circonscrit des champs historiographiques et des types de questionnement dont il est parfois complexe de sortir. D’une part, la nécessité, invoquée à juste titre, de connaître les espaces institutionnels de l’intérieur a eu pour effet de reléguer au second plan les entreprises comparatives ou croisées. D’autre part, la faible intensité des débats entre les historiens des institutions disciplinaires n’a jusqu’à présent pas permis de décloisonner les réflexions et d’aller au-delà des controverses intra-institutionnelles – et ce, bien que l’historiographie ne cesse de relativiser le caractère fermé des institutions. Cela a pu conduire à perdre de vue que l’école, l’hôpital, la prison, l’asile, l’hospice ou encore la caserne s’inscrivent dans une histoire commune : celle des institutions qui organisent les existences et forgent des parcours et expériences individuels.

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2017
10/23
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New book – Voices of Mental Health: Medicine, Politics, and American Culture, 1970-2000

9780813576800
The book Voices of Mental Health: Medicine, Politics, and American Culture, 1970-2000 could be of interest to H-Madness readers. The book is written by Martin Halliwell and published by Rutgers University Press. The abstract reads:

This dynamic and richly layered account of mental health in the late twentieth century interweaves three important stories: the rising political prominence of mental health in the United States since 1970; the shifting medical diagnostics of mental health at a time when health activists, advocacy groups, and public figures were all speaking out about the needs and rights of patients; and the concept of voice in literature, film, memoir, journalism, and medical case study that connects the health experiences of individuals to shared stories.

Together, these three dimensions bring into conversation a diverse cast of late-century writers, filmmakers, actors, physicians, politicians, policy-makers, and social critics. In doing so, Martin Halliwell’s Voices of Mental Health breaks new ground in deepening our understanding of the place, politics, and trajectory of mental health from the moon landing to the millennium.

-— information retrieved from the blog Historiens de la santé 
2017
10/20
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New book – L’Asile de Hanwell. Un modèle utopique dans l’histoire de la psychiatrie anglaise?

hanwell

The book L’Asile de Hanwell. Un modèle utopique dans l’histoire de la psychiatrie anglaise? could be of interest to H-Madness readers. The book is written by Laurence Dubois and published by Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle. The abstract read:

 

À partir d’une étude approfondie des archives de l’asile de Hanwell, établissement emblématique de la réforme des soins prodigués aux individus souffrant de troubles mentaux dans l’Angleterre de la première moitié du XIXe siècle, cet ouvrage se propose d’explorer la vie quotidienne au sein d’un asile victorien. Loin de l’image empreinte de folklore gothique à laquelle ce type d’institution est traditionnellement associé, il met en relief le caractère utopique de ce qui restera une parenthèse éclairée dans l’histoire de la psychiatrie. Sous l’impulsion de son directeur médical, le Dr John Conolly, nommé en 1839, cet asile se veut en effet un authentique refuge et un lieu de soins. Y sont organisés des pique-niques sur l’herbe, des spectacles de lanterne magique ou des fêtes de Noël, dans le cadre du moral management, conception thérapeutique innovante. L’originalité de ce traitement s’accompagne d’une dimension sociale, voire politique, car Conolly, socialiste convaincu, mène un combat permanent pour que les patients aient accès à une instruction au sein de l’école de l’asile, leur offrant ainsi un véritable outil de réinsertion sociale et d’émancipation.

2017
10/19
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New book – On the Other Hand. Left Hand, Right Brain, Mental Disorder, and History

9781421423333

The book On the Other Hand. Left Hand, Right Brain, Mental Disorder, and History  could be of interest to H-Madness readers. The book is written by Howard I. Kushner and published by John Hopkins University Press. The abstract on the publishers website reads:

Since the late Stone Age, approximately 10 percent of humans have been left-handed, yet for most of human history left-handedness has been stigmatized. In On the Other Hand, Howard I. Kushner traces the impact of left-handedness on human cognition, behavior, culture, and health.

A left-hander himself, Kushner has long been interested in the meanings associated with left-handedness, and ultimately with whether hand preference can even be defined in a significant way. As he explores the medical and cultural history of left-handedness, Kushner describes the associated taboos, rituals, and stigma from around the globe. The words “left” and “left hand” have negative connotations in all languages, and left-handers have even historically been viewed as disabled.

In this comprehensive history of left-handedness, Kushner asks why left-handedness exists. He examines the relationship—if any—between handedness, linguistics, and learning disabilities, reveals how toleration of left-handedness serves as a barometer of wider cultural toleration and permissiveness, and wonders why the reported number of left-handers is significantly lower in Asia and Africa than in the West. Written in a lively style that mixes personal biography with scholarly research, On the Other Hand tells a comprehensive story about the science, traditions, and prejudices surrounding left-handedness.

2017
10/17
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Workshop: Ajuriaguerra en héritage (7/11/17)

Screen Shot 2017-10-10 at 22.10.29

The workshop Ajuriaguerra en héritage at CH Sainte-Anne could be of interest to H-Madness readers.

Le mardi 7 novembre 2017 (9h-13h). CH Sainte-Anne, Amphi Morel, rue Cabanis 1 – 75014 Paris.

Inscriptions: gratuite mais obligatoire auprès du service Communication. 

Argument

Cette demi-journée scientifique sera l’occasion d’approcher la richesse et la variété des champs de recherche et des enseignements dispensés par le Pr Julian de Ajuriaguerra, grande figure fondatrice de la neuropsychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent en France ayant exercé à Sainte-Anne de 1933 à 1959.

Le début de la matinée sera  consacrée aux films d’observation de bébés réalisés par l’équipe du Pr Julian de Ajuriaguerra, dans les années 1970-1980. Ces films proviennent du fonds d’archive de recherche de Marguerite Auzias, proche collaboratrice d’Ajuriaguerra durant 30 ans.

La seconde partie de la matinée permettra d’évoquer certaines pratiques cliniques et axes de recherche actuels, en vigueur à Sainte-Anne,  découlant directement de l’héritage d’Ajuriaguerra : il s’agira alors de s’intéresser aux enfants plus grands,  au moment où ils entrent dans les apprentissages, où ils se mettent à lire, à écrire et à compter…

Marguerite Auzias souhaitait que l’œuvre du Pr Julian de Ajuriaguerra puisse être transmise et comprise dans son originalité et l’importance capitale de son apport, aussi bien dans le domaine de la psychiatrie de l’adulte que dans celui de la neuropsychiatrie et neuropsychologie de l’enfant. Elle souhaitait également que soit conservé ce précieux héritage pour la formation scientifique, la recherche, la prévention et les thérapies en santé mentale et en éducation.

Situer cet héritage dans la clinique et la recherche contemporaines constitue l’ambition de notre matinée.

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2017
10/15
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New article – “Volksseuche” oder Randerscheinung? Die “Kokainwelle” in der Weimarer Republik aus medizinhistorischer Sicht

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The new issue of Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin includes one article that could be of interest to H-Madness readers: “Volksseuche” oder Randerscheinung? Die “Kokainwelle” in der Weimarer Republik aus medizinhistorischer Sicht by Hannes Walter. The abstract reads:

An empirical investigation refutes the popular conception that excessive drug usage was a widespread social phenomenon in the Weimar Republic. Although physicians warned the public and politicians of a “cocaine wave” that threatened the public health, there is no evidence that indicates a significant increase of cocaine use during the twenties. The decisive cause for this moral panic was caused instead by the disease pattern of “Cocainism”. The addiction carried the imprint of an infectious disease and would destroy the body, the will, and the civic life of its victims. According to medical doctrine, chronic cocaine consumption also produced the tendency towards deviant sexual activities and criminal activity. For this reason, the use of this substance was in particular linked to deviant social milieus like the so-called Bohemian or demimonde. However, historical sources in fact show that it was primarily a problem of the medical professions. Against the background of the desperate political, social and economic situation in Germany after the First World War, physicians regarded cocaine and morphine addictions as a threat to the hoped for political and biological renewal of the nation.

 

2017
10/13
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New book – Managing Madness Weyburn Mental Hospital and the Transformation of Psychiatric Care in Canada

9780887557958_300_450_90

 

The book Managing Madness.Weyburn Mental Hospital and the Transformation of Psychiatric Care in Canada by Erika Dyck and Alex Deighton that could be of interest to H-Madness readers. The abstract reads:

The Saskatchewan Mental Hospital at Weyburn has played a significant role in the history of psychiatric services, mental health research, and community care in Canada. Its history provides a window to the changing nature of mental health services over the twentieth century.

Built in 1921, the Saskatchewan Mental Hospital was billed as the last asylum in North America and the largest facility of its kind in the British Commonwealth. A decade later, the Canadian Committee for Mental Hygiene cited it as one of the worst institutions in the country, largely due to extreme overcrowding. In the 1950s, the Saskatchewan Mental Hospital again attracted international attention for engaging in controversial therapeutic interventions, including treatments using LSD.

In the 1960s, sweeping health care reforms took hold in the province and mental health institutions underwent dramatic changes as they began moving patients into communities. As the patient and staff population shrank, the once palatial building fell into disrepair, the asylum’s expansive farmland fell out of cultivation, and mental health services folded into a complicated web of social and correctional services.

Managing Madness examines the Weyburn mental hospital, the people it housed, struggled to understand, help, or even tried to change, and the ever-shifting understanding of mental health.

 

2017
10/11
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