A recent letter published on the Turkish Journal of Psychiatry by Fatih Artvinli draws attention to an alarming historical possibility and a neuropsychiatric disorder that the COVID-19 pandemic brings to mind. Every report, case presentation, article or news item about the emergence of severe neuropsychiatric conditions in some of the patients recovering from COVID-19 are reminiscent of the significant controversy that occurred a century ago at the time of the Spanish Influenza and warning us of the possibility of facing another dangerous disease, encephalitis lethargica (EL), otherwise known as the sleeping sickness.

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